Leg Numbness
This article describes causes of numbness and tingling that appear only or mostly in legs (or feet or toes).
What Means Numbness and Tingling?
Numbness In the Arms, Hands and Fingers
Head/Face Numbness
EVERYDAY CAUSES OF LEG NUMBNESS
Sitting With Legs Crossed
Sitting with legs crossed, sitting on the foot, prolonged sitting or squatting, or a wallet in a back pocket may press on nerves in the leg resulting in leg “falling asleep” . This is due to direct pressure on leg nerves or due to cut-off of blood supply to these nerves (ischemia) because of compressed leg arteries. Symptoms:
- numbness, tingling or inability to move a leg or foot
- symptoms resolve in few seconds or minutes after pressure release and stretching the leg
- in extreme situations prolonged leg crossing or other forceful position could cause prolonged or even permanent damage of peroneal nerve.
SCIATICA
Sciatica is a common name for lower back and leg pain, caused by any disorder involving sciatic nerve (listed below). Common symptoms are:
- pain in the lower back and/or buttocks
- pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness in the leg or foot, usually on one, but occasionally on both sides
Herniated Lumbar Disc
Bulging or herniated disc in lumbar spine (mostly between 4th and 5th lumbar, or 5th lumbar and 1st sacral vertebra) can press on roots of sciatic nerve that innervate the leg. A common cause is degenerative disc disease (DDD). A disc may herniate gradually or suddenly, usually after lifting a heavy object from the ground. Symptoms may include:
- pain, tingling or numbness in the lower back, buttock, thigh, calf, or foot, usually only on one side
- worsening of symptoms during sitting, prolonged standing on one place, sleeping, in certain movements, bending or lifting objects from the ground; symptoms may be relieved by walking or swimming
- Cauda equina syndrome is typically caused by a large herniated lumbar disc that presses on lumbar nerves. In the lumbar spine the nerve roots and nerves are spread out like a “horse’s tail”, hence the Latin name “cauda equina”. Symptoms are frequently bilateral: low back pain, bilateral lower extremity weakness, numbness around the anus and on inner thighs (saddle anesthesia), bladder and bowel incontinence. These symptoms are a surgical emergency.
Lumbar Spinal Stenosis
Spinal stenosis is narrowing of spinal canal in lumbar region. It may be genetic, but it is usually due to age related overgrowth od vertebral bone that narrows the spinal canal. Symptoms are like in herniated lumbar disc (see above)
Spondylolisthesis
Spondylolisthesis (Greek spondylo = spine, listhesis = to slip or slide) refers to slippage (usually forward) of a vertebra and the spine above it relative to the vertebra below. Disorder may be congenital, or due to age related degeneration, trauma or operative injury. Symptoms are like in herniated lumbar disc (see above).
Piriformis Syndrome
The piriformis muscle, which is located in the lower part of the spine, can have spasms that compress the sciatic nerve and causes low back pain. More about piriformis syndrome.
Spinal Tumors and Infections
Tumors and spine infections can compress the sciatic nerve and cause sciatica and back pain.
Pregnancy
During pregnancy, women often carry extra weight which puts pressure on the spine. This extra pressure can cause compression of the sciatic nerve and can cause low back pain. They symptoms usually go away after childbirth.
Leg Numbness After Surgery
Leg pain and numbness may appear after surgical fusion of lumbar vertebra.
Broken Leg / Foot
Symptoms of a broken leg may include:
- pain, tenderness, or cramps made worse by movement
- swelling
- leg deformity or grating of bone ends
- limited range of motion or inability to walk
Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
Tarsal tunnel syndrome is caused by compression of the tibial nerve at the level of the ankle or distally. Symptoms may include:
- foot pain, numbness, tingling or burning on the inside of the ankle and the sole of the foot
- foot weakness
- symptoms are aggravated by standing and walking, and relieved by rest, but usually not completely
Restless Legs Syndrome
Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a neurological disorder of uncertain cause that results in irresistible urge to move your legs. Symptoms include:
- creeping, tugging, itching, or pulling sensation in legs
- symptoms worsen with rest
- symptoms partially or completely resolve with moving legs
- symptoms worsen at evening and may disrupt sleep
Transverse Myelitis
Transverse myelitis is an inflammation of the whole width of one segment of the spinal cord. The exact cause is unknown. It can occur at any age, but mainly in 2nd or 4th decade. Symptoms may include:
- localized lower back pain
- burning, numbness, or tingling in the legs
- partial paralysis of the legs
- urinary bladder and bowel dysfunction
- headache, fever, and loss of appetite
- respiratory problems
- weakness in the arms
HEREDITARY DISEASES
Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease is a rare hereditary disease of nerves causing weakness and decreased sensation in legs (and sometimes arms). Symptoms include:
- Weakness in your legs, ankles and feet
- Loss of muscle bulk in legs and feet
- High foot arches
- Curled toes (hammertoes)
- Numbness and pain in your legs and feet
Marfan Syndrome
Marfan syndrome is inherited disorder of connective tissue; symptoms include long thin stature, joint hypermobility, leg pain, numbness around the knees
Diagnosis of Leg Numbness and Tingling
History. Pain starting in the back and radiating to the leg is mostly due to pressure on the sciatic nerve roots due to spine disorders.
Clinical examination. Special ambulatory tests, including detailed checking of sensitivity in the leg can reveal which nerves are involved
Investigations. MRI of the spine shows most of spinal disorders. X-ray shows broken bones in the leg.
How to Cure Leg Numbness and Tingling
To cure leg numbness and tingling, the cause has to be treated in most cases.
Further Reading :


Tingling of legs and little sores have started on my legs. Mostly little red spots that some get yellow pus centers like boils but not painful, sometimes itch but not much. What could cause this?