Find the Cause of Abdominal Pain?

Left side abdominal pain may arise from internal organs of the gastrointestinal and urinary tract, chest, pelvic cavity, abdominal wall muscles, bones (ribs, spine, pelvis), vessels, nerves or skin.

Upper abdomen is above the navel and lower abdomen is below it.

Below, causes of left side abdominal pain are listed.

UPPER Left Abdominal Pain

Causes of upper left abdominal pain include:

  • LARGE INTESTINE
  • MUSCLES
    • Strained or ruptured muscle in the abdominal wall
  • PANCREAS
  • SPLEEN
    • Splenic infarct
    • Ruptured spleen, often in car accidents
    • Enlarged spleen due to liver disease or cancer (lymphoma/leukemia)
  • KIDNEYS/URETHER
    • Pyelonephritis – infection of the kidney 
    • Glomerulonephritis (kidney inflammation), kidney cyst or tumor
    • Urinary stones
  • LEFT ADRENAL GLAND
    • Adrenal adenoma (benign tumor)
  • LUNGS
    • Pneumonia: bacterial or viral
    • Pleuritis – inflammation of the lung membrane
    • Pulmonary embolism – blood clots in the lungs
  • HEART
    • Heart attack
    • Angina pectoris  - pain behind the breastbone in heart or coronary arteries disease
  • DIAPHRAGM
    • Abscess – collection of pus below diaphragm

LOWER Left Abdominal Pain

Causes of lower left abdominal pain include:

  • COLON
    • Constipation
    • Trapped gas in the left part of the transverse colon (splenic flexure syndrome)
    • The so-called irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
    • Diverticulitis – inflammation of the last part of the colon (sigma)
    • Diverticulosis - noninflamed pouches in the colonic wall
    • Clostridium difficile infection after antibiotic treatment
    • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis
    • Ischemic or microscopic colitis
    • Colorectal polyps, or cancer
    • Volvulus of sigmoid colon
  • APPENDIX
    • Appendicitis usually causes right lower but sometimes left lower abdominal pain.
  • FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS
    • Ovulation (mid-cycle pain, Mittleschmerz)
    • Gonorrhea 
    • Twisted or ruptured ovarian cyst
    • Ectopic pregnancy
    • Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)
    • Endometritis (inflammation of uteral endometrium)
    • Miscarriage
    • Polycystic ovarian syndrome – PCOS
  • MALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS
    • Spermatic cord disorders
    • Testes disorders
    • Gonorrhea
  • ABDOMINAL MEMBRANE (PERITONEUM)
    • Endometriosis
    • Fibroids
    • Fibroma
  • ABDOMINAL VESSELS
    • Aneurism of abdominal aorta
    • Atherosclerosis or embolism of mesenteric arteries
    • Hereditary angioedema
    • Henoch-Schönlein-purpura
  • BLOOD
    • Porphyria
    • Sickle Cell Disease
  • ABDOMINAL MUSCLES
    • Hard exercise
    • Blow
    • Rectus sheath hematoma
    • Absces in psoas muscle
    • Intestinal hernia
  • SKIN
    • Herpes zoster
    • Dermatitis

Read detail articles with causes, symptoms and diagnosis of left UPPER abdominal pain and left LOWER abdominal pain.

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Further Reading :
  • Abdominal Pain, Picture of Abdominal Quadrants with Organs
  • Gallbladder Pain and Other Symptoms of Gallbladder Disease
  • Acute & Chronic Left Lower (LLQ) Abdominal Pain – Diagnosis
  • Causes of Abdominal Pain – Diagnosis from Symptoms and Investigations
  • Acute Ischemic Colitis – Symptoms, Signs, Diagnosis, Treatment