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What is an Aneurysm? Artery Balloon, Bulge

An aneurysm is a balloon or bulge at one area of the artery wall. When the artery wall weakens at a spot along the course of the vessel, it is prone to ballooning due to  blood collecting within the sac-like pouch. This ballooning continues to add stress to the already compromised vessel wall and can rupture. This can be fatal.

A aneurysm can affect any artery but tends to occur more frequently in the aorta or cerebral artery. Aneurysms do not always appear like a balloon extending from the wall. At times it may appear like a bulge or widening of the artery at the affected area.

Causes of an Aneurysm

An aneurysm is caused by weakening of the artery wall which may be a result of the following contributing factors or disorders.

  • Genetic – example Marfan syndrome
  • Congenital (since birth) weakening of the wall
  • Hypertension (high blood pressure)
  • Arteriosclerosis or atherosclerosis
  • Trauma – injury to the vessel wall
  • Family history
  • Previous aneurysm
  • Smoking
  • Infection – vasculitis
  • Pharmaceutical or narcotic drug use

Article reviewed by Dr. Greg. Last updated on February 23, 2010