Heart and Vessels

Aortic Regurgitation (Valve Insufficiency)

What is aortic regurgitation? Aortic regurgitation is a condition where blood flows backward back from the aorta into the heart when the ventricles relax. Backward flow (regurgitation) is prevented by the aortic valve. In other words it ensures blood only flows in one direction – from the left ventricle into the >> Read More ...

Atrioventricular (Heart) Dissociation

What is atrioventricular dissociation? Atrioventricular (AV) dissociation refers to the condition of the heart where the heart chambers do not work in a synchronous manner but contract independently The heart is a four-chambered organ made up of two atria at the top and two ventricles below it. The left and right atria >> Read More ...

Brugada Syndrome (Heart Rhythm Disorder)

Brugada Syndrome Definition Brugada syndrome is  an inherited life-threatening condition where there is a disorder with the heart rhythm that leads to sudden death. The condition is characterized by a distinct abnormal heartbeat known as Brugada sign which can be detected on an electrocardiogram (ECG). Brugada syndrome >> Read More ...

Vertebral Artery Dissection (VAD)

Vertebral Artery Dissection Definition Vertebral artery dissection (VAD) is a condition where blood collects within the walls of the vertebral artery and hampers blood flow through it. Since the vertebral arteries carry oxygen rich blood to the brain, most symptoms are a result of reduced blood flow and oxygen supply to >> Read More ...

Supraventricular Tachycardia (SVT)

Supraventricular Tachycardia Definition Supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) is a condition where there heart beats rapidly (tachycardia) due to electrical impulses originating the region above the heart’s ventricles, the chambers that push blood of the heart. It is also known as paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia >> Read More ...

Venous Air Embolism (Air Bubble in the Veins)

What is venous air embolism? Venous air embolism is when air enters the blood circulating back to the heart. It is not a common condition but has serious and severe consequences – it may even lead to death. Most cases of venous air embolism arises with medical procedures, hence the term ‘iatrogenic’. It >> Read More ...

Aortitis (Inflamed Aorta)

What is aortitis? Aortitis is a condition where the aorta is inflamed. It is a form of vasculitis – inflammation of a blood vessel. More correctly, it is known as arteritis because the inflammation affects an artery. While every type of vasculitis has clinical implications, aortitis may be very serious due to the >> Read More ...

Renal Artery Stenosis (Narrow Kidney Artery)

What is renal artery stenosis? Renal artery stenosis is a narrowing of the artery that carries blood to the kidney. It may occur in one or both arteries and its branches. When the artery is fully blocked then it is known as renal artery occlusion. As the artery narrows it reduces the blood flow to the kidney and this >> Read More ...

Myocardial Rupture (Heart Muscle Tear)

The heart wall has three layers and the thickest of these is the middle muscular layer. This is known as the myocardium. It is also the most active part of the wall since the heart is a pump that contracts and relaxes to circulate blood. Even a minor injury or damage of the heart muscle can affect blood circulation, lead >> Read More ...

Cardiac Tumors (Heart Cancer and Benign Growth)

Tumors are abnormal growths and the word elicits much fear in people. We have all heard of tumors in the skin, stomach and bowels, throat or lungs, bone and the bladder. We also know that tumors can occur anywhere in the body but what most people do not know is that tumors may even occur in the heart. Although uncommon, >> Read More ...
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